学习目标
- 了解第五部分多人讨论的题型和难点
- 识别表示赞同、反对和立场变化的信号词
- 追踪每位说话人的观点,区分相似的意见
- 运用策略避免说话人立场重叠时的混淆
概览
- 形式: 视频讨论,三位说话人
- 题目数量: 约 8 道句子填空题(下拉选择)
- 时间: 共约 9 分钟
- 考查重点: 观点与共识
第五部分呈现的是一段视频讨论,三个人围绕一个话题分享不同的看法。您观看视频一遍(约 1.5–2 分钟),然后通过下拉菜单回答约 8 道句子填空题。所有题目同时显示在屏幕上。
这部分考查您区分说话人、追踪各自立场以及捕捉观点微妙变化的能力。
第五部分的难点在哪里
与第一至三部分(两人对话)或第四部分(单人报道)不同,第五部分涉及三位说话人,表达的观点往往更为细腻。由于是视频形式,您可以借助视觉线索——肢体语言、手势和面部表情——帮助判断谁在说话以及反应如何。不过,题目考查的是说话人说了什么,而非与对话无关的视觉细节(不会问到衣服颜色或桌上物品)。
主要难点包括:
- 混淆说话人:搞不清谁持什么立场
- 部分赞同:一位说话人同意某个观点的一部分,但不完全赞同
- 观点变化:某位说话人一开始反对,但听到论据后转而支持
- 相似观点:两位说话人支持同一个观点,但理由不同
常见错误
考生经常选择提到某个观点的说话人,而非支持该观点的说话人。一个人可能提出了某个顾虑,而另一个人才是为之辩护的人。
讨论的结构
视频通常按以下结构展开(具体时长因试题版本而异):
- 开场背景:介绍话题并点明三位说话人
- 开场陈述:每人分享自己的初始立场
- 讨论环节:说话人相互回应,表达赞同、反对或修正观点
- 可能的收尾:简短的总结或归纳
视频结束后题目才会出现在屏幕上。所有题目同时可见,采用下拉式句子填空形式。在规定时间内,您可以按任意顺序作答。
第五部分没有主持人。指示界面会交代场景(例如”三个人在咖啡馆”),说话人则在对话中自我介绍或相互介绍。题目可能通过姓名(来自对话)或视觉描述(如”穿毛衣的男士""那位女士”)来指代说话人。建议您在笔记中按屏幕位置(左/中/右)给说话人编号,听到姓名时再补充上去。
听什么
说话人的立场
在脑海中(或在草稿纸上快速)为每位说话人画一个立场图:
- 说话人 A:支持提案,强调节约成本
- 说话人 B:因实施难度大而反对
- 说话人 C:最初中立,后来有条件地支持
不仅要记住他们相信什么,还要记住他们为什么持有这个观点。
赞同与反对
说话人会用特定的短语来表明自己对他人观点的态度:
赞同信号:
- “I agree with Sarah that…”
- “That’s a good point”
- “Exactly, and I’d add…”
- “You’re right about…”
反对信号:
- “I see it differently…”
- “Actually, I think…”
- “I’m not convinced that…”
- “On the other hand…”
部分赞同:
- “Yes, but…”
- “That’s true, however…”
- “I agree in principle, though…”
- “To some extent, but…”
追踪立场变化
注意听过渡词语:“I hadn’t considered that""That changes things”或”Now that you mention it…”。这些表达说明说话人正在改变自己的观点。
观点背后的理由
记下每位说话人为什么持有某个观点——这些理由会帮助您在题目中将立场与正确的说话人对应起来:
- 个人经历或轶事
- 实际因素(成本、时间、操作难度)
- 对后果或风险的担忧
- 引用他人的看法
核心策略
一、快速做笔记
一段 90 秒的讨论中,您不可能记住所有内容。请用简写:
- 用屏幕位置:L = 左、C = 中、R = 右——听到姓名时再补上
- 用符号标注:✓ = 支持,✗ = 反对,~ = 中立
- 记下理由:“L(Aisha) ✓ cost” 表示左边的说话人因成本原因而支持
这样做很重要,因为题目可能用姓名、视觉描述(“穿毛衣的男士”)或位置(“第一位男士”)来指代说话人。笔记中同时保留位置和姓名,可以应对任一种指代方式。
二、关注观点之间的关系
不要只追踪孤立的观点,还要注意:
- 谁在谁的论点基础上进一步发展
- 谁质疑了谁的假设
- 谁提出了谁的方案的替代方案
题目经常考查这些关联:“Who disagreed with Mark’s solution?”
三、区分”提及”和”支持”
一位说话人可能提到某个观点,但实际上反对它:
“Some people think remote work reduces productivity. I completely disagree—our data shows the opposite.”
这位说话人提到了生产力下降的担忧,但他并不持有这个观点。
请注意
“Who believes remote work reduces productivity?” 这类题目专门用来误导那些听到了关键短语却没有追踪说话人实际立场的考生。
四、用排除法
不确定时,先排除明显错误的选项:
- 排除从未提及该话题的说话人
- 排除立场与题目所问相反的说话人
- 在剩余选项中根据笔记做出判断
常见题型
您会遇到以下几类题目:
观点识别题:
- “Who supports increasing the budget?”
- “Which speaker is most concerned about timeline?”
赞同/反对题:
- “Who agrees with Raj’s suggestion?”
- “Which two speakers have opposing views?”
决定与结果题:
- “What does the first man decide?”
- “What do the three speakers agree to do?”
具体细节题:
- “What is definitely true about the club’s members?”
- “Who must be the best speaker of French?”
立场变化题:
- “Whose opinion shifted during the discussion?”
- “Who was initially opposed but later agreed?”
第五部分练习
说明: 请先听音频,然后回答下方的问题。在正式的 CELPIP 考试中,您会观看一段视频(而不仅仅是音频),视频中三位说话人的肢体语言可以提供额外线索。所有 8 道题目会同时以句子填空(下拉菜单)形式显示在屏幕上。
Listen to the discussion
讨论原文:
Aisha: So, should we move to a four-day work week? I think it’s a great idea. I read a study that tracked companies who made the switch, and none of them saw a drop in productivity. Employees were actually more focused during the hours they worked.
Tom: I hear you, but a lot of our clients schedule meetings on Fridays. If we’re closed, they’ll start looking for a company that’s available when they need us.
Priya: That’s a fair point, Tom. But two of our biggest competitors already offer flexible scheduling. If we don’t adapt, we might lose good people to them.
Aisha: Exactly. And happy employees do better work. When people aren’t burned out, they make fewer mistakes and they actually want to stay. Turnover costs us a fortune as it is.
Tom: I get that. But we had three new client calls just last Friday. What do we say to those people? “Sorry, come back Monday”?
Priya: What if we don’t shut down completely? We could try a three-month pilot program. Keep a small team available on Fridays on a rotating basis. That way clients still have someone to reach, and most staff gets the long weekend.
Tom: A rotation… okay, that’s more reasonable. I could live with that, as long as coverage is solid.
Aisha: That’s a smart compromise. A pilot gives us real data from our own company, not just numbers from a study. And if it works, we make it permanent.
Priya: Right. And if it doesn’t work, we go back to five days. No harm done. I think we should put together a proposal for the director.
题目(句子填空形式):
-
Aisha supports the four-day work week mainly because _____.
A) it would save the company money on office expenses
B) studies show it does not reduce productivity and it improves employee well-being
C) she personally wants a longer weekend
D) their competitors have already made the switch -
Tom is most concerned about _____.
A) employees not finishing their work in four days
B) losing clients who expect Friday availability
C) the cost of hiring additional staff
D) other companies copying their idea -
Priya suggests that the company should _____.
A) switch to a four-day week immediately
B) keep the five-day week but add more vacation days
C) run a three-month pilot program with Friday rotation coverage
D) survey employees before making any changes -
Tom changes his position after _____.
A) Aisha shares the productivity study
B) Priya proposes keeping some Friday coverage through rotation
C) the director approves the plan
D) he realizes clients do not actually call on Fridays -
According to Aisha, high employee turnover _____.
A) is not a problem at their company
B) is mostly caused by low salaries
C) costs the company a lot of money
D) only affects the sales department -
Priya mentions their competitors because _____.
A) she wants to copy everything they do
B) they might attract the company’s best employees with flexible scheduling
C) they have already tried and failed with a four-day week
D) they are the company’s biggest clients -
By the end of the discussion, Aisha likes Priya’s idea because _____.
A) it would let Aisha work from home
B) it avoids making any changes
C) a pilot would provide real company data, not just outside studies
D) it gives employees more vacation time -
The three speakers agree to _____.
A) cancel all Friday meetings going forward
B) ask the director to decide for them
C) prepare a proposal for the director about a pilot program
D) keep things the way they are for now
查看答案和解析 =>
正确答案: 1-B, 2-B, 3-C, 4-B, 5-C, 6-B, 7-C, 8-C
说话人立场总结:
- Aisha: 坚定支持。引用了生产力研究和员工幸福感。核心论点:快乐的员工工作更出色、更愿意留下来。
- Tom: 最初反对。担心客户在周五联系不上公司。最终在附加条件下接受了 Priya 的折中方案。
- Priya: 起初中立。提出了三个月试点方案,周五轮值保持运营,作为折中方案。指出竞争对手已提供弹性工作制。
详细解析:
-
B) studies show it does not reduce productivity and it improves employee well-being
- Aisha 开场就引用了 “a study”,后来又指出快乐的员工 “do better work”,公司还能节省人员流动成本。
- 陷阱: 选项 D 关于竞争对手是 Priya 的论点,不是 Aisha 的核心理由。
-
B) losing clients who expect Friday availability
- Tom 说 “a lot of our clients schedule meetings on Fridays”、“they’ll start looking for a company that’s available when they need us”。他还提到 “three new client calls just last Friday”。
- 陷阱: 选项 A(工作量压缩)听起来合理,但 Tom 从未提及。他的顾虑完全是关于客户的。
-
C) run a three-month pilot program with Friday rotation coverage
- Priya 说 “we could try a three-month pilot program. Keep a small team available on Fridays on a rotating basis.”
- 陷阱: 选项 A 是 Aisha 的立场,不是 Priya 的。Priya 采取的是更稳妥的方式。
-
B) Priya proposes keeping some Friday coverage through rotation
- Tom 说 “A rotation… okay, that’s more reasonable. I could live with that, as long as coverage is solid.”他的态度转变是在 Priya 提出折中方案之后,而非 Aisha 引用研究之后。
- 陷阱: 选项 A 有迷惑性,因为研究是先提到的,但 Tom 明确拒绝了 Aisha 的论点,直到 Priya 给出了实际可行的方案后才改变立场。
-
C) costs the company a lot of money
- Aisha 直接说 “Turnover costs us a fortune as it is.”
- 陷阱: 选项 B(低薪)在讨论中从未被提及。
-
B) they might attract the company’s best employees with flexible scheduling
- Priya 说 “Two of our biggest competitors already offer flexible scheduling. If we don’t adapt, we might lose good people to them.”
- 陷阱: 选项 A 夸大了 Priya 的立场。她将竞争对手作为变革必要性的论据,而非盲目模仿。
-
C) a pilot would provide real company data, not just outside studies
- Aisha 说 “A pilot gives us real data from our own company, not just numbers from a study.”
- 陷阱: 选项 D(更多假期)不是任何人的提议。四天工作制是重新安排工作时间,不是增加假期。
-
C) prepare a proposal for the director about a pilot program
- Priya 总结道:“I think we should put together a proposal for the director.”没有人表示反对。
- 陷阱: 选项 B 很接近但不对。他们同意的是共同撰写提案,而不是让主管替他们做决定。
注意事项
正确做法
- 在笔记中用首字母缩写和符号标记说话人
- 追踪讨论中谁在回应谁
- 记下每个观点背后的理由,不仅仅是立场本身
- 留意 "but""however""although"——这些词标志着部分赞同
- 作答前利用答题时间先回顾笔记
需要避免的错误
- 不要以为第一个提到某观点的人就是支持者
- 不要因声音相似就混淆说话人——借助上下文线索区分
- 不要忽略 "That is a fair point" 之类的微妙赞同信号
- 不要匆忙作答——每道题分值相同
CLB 评分要点
您的 CLB 等级由整场听力测试(全部 6 个部分合并)中正确作答的总题数决定。虽然没有单独的”高级”题目,但分数较高(CLB 9–12)的考生通常能够:
- 识别隐含的观点(说话人暗示但未直接表述的内容)
- 感知语气和态度(怀疑、热情、犹豫)
- 理解有条件的支持(“I’d agree if we had more budget”)
练习区分这些细微差别,有助于在第五部分中多得分。
CELPIP 官方考试在所有听力部分中都使用三种题目类型:整体理解(大局问题)、具体信息(某一事实或细节)和推断(根据未直接陈述的内容得出结论)。识别自己正在作答的题型,有助于您选择合适的解题思路。
自我检测
- 我能同时追踪 3 位说话人的立场
- 我能识别赞同/反对的信号词
- 我记录了谁在回应谁,而非只关注孤立的观点
- 我能区分"提及某个观点"和"支持某个观点"
- 我能捕捉到 "That's a good point" 等立场变化信号
勾选 4–5 项 = 第五部分基础扎实
掌握这些策略后,您就能从容应对第五部分多人讨论的复杂性。